Resumen:This research sought to analyse stress among mothers and fathers
of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to determine
the relevant variables for its explanation and the possible gender differences.
To examine parents' stress, we propose a multidimensional model
based on the Double ABCX theoretical model. We argue that the result of
stress depends on the following four interrelated factors: the characteristics
of the individual with ASD (the severity of the disorder and behaviour
problems), the social supports, the parents' perception of the situation
(evaluated by sense of coherence) and the coping strategies. Fifty-nine sets
of parents (59 mothers and 59 fathers) of individuals diagnosed with ASD
participated in the study. The data were analysed using a path analysis
through the LISREL 8.80 program. We obtained two empirical models of
stress: one model for mothers and one for fathers. In both models, the severity
of the disorder and the behaviour problems had a direct and positive
effect on stress. The sense of coherence (SOC) and active avoidance coping
strategies had a mediating role in models. Social support was relevant
only for mothers. Finally, the results offer some guidelines for professionals
working with families.